Solid State Bonding

Time to consider four solid state bonding forces. Solid state bonding forces are indicated by melting points.

(1) Molecular (CO2)

-weak between molecule forces





(2) Metallic (Fe(s), Pb(s))

-electron sea

http://www.chemguide.co.uk/atoms/bonding/metallic.html#top



(3) Ionic (NaCl(s))

-attraction of oppositely charged ions

-greater charge difference - greater attraction

-smaller ions, greater attraction

-greater attraction = higher melting point

http://www.saskschools.ca/curr_content/chem20/ionicpds/ionicex.html



(4)Covalent Network (SiO2, C(diamond))

-very strong force = highest melting point

-there are not really individual molecules

-each 'unit' is bonded to each surrounding 'unit'

http://www.chm.davidson.edu/vce/Crystals/NetworkSolids.html

http://www.chem.queensu.ca/people/faculty/mombourquette/FirstYrChem/Molecular/Solids/index.htm



The following link summarizes both liquid & solid state bonding forces. [Although it seems to exclude molecular solids - the weakest solid force.]