Instantaneous & Average Rate of Change And 5 Factors

Tangent = line that touches a curve at only one point
Secant = line that crosses a curve at two points

determining slope:
http://cstl.syr.edu/fipse/graphb/Unit8/Unit8a.html

Rate of Reaction = change in concentration/change in time:
[conc]/t {where  = delta)

If change in concentration is plotted versus change in time:
Instantaneous rate of reaction = tangent to curve at specified time
Average rate of change of reaction = secant to curve at times specified

5 Factors Affecting Reaction Rate:
-nature of the reactants (somethings react differently than others)
-concentration (higher concentration = more particles colliding, greater likelihood that particles will collide in such a way as to result in a successful collision to  produce the desired product)
-temperature (higher temperature = faster moving particles =more collisions =greater likelihood that collisions will occur with sufficient energy to break reactant bonds to produce desired product)
-catalyst (reaction specific chemial that can speed up the rate of a reaction by altering the energy required to break reactant bonds and allowing new product bonds to form - more on the "how this happens" in another lesson)
-surface area (greater surface area = more particles exposed to react, more particles able to react, greater likelihood that successful collisions will occur resulting in desired product)

Collision Frequency Vs Collision Effectiveness
Frequency how often particles collide
      {concentration, surface area & temperature}
Collision Effectiveness - degree to which collisions result in desired product
      {nature of reactant, catalyst & temperature}
Q: What does Tarzan say when he sees a herd of elephants in the distance? A: "Look, a herd of elephants in the distance" Q: What does Tarzan say when he sees a herd of elephants with sunglasses? A: Nothing. He doesn't recognize them. How quickly did you react to the previous jokes? [i.e your reaction rate?]